Ever since early man began cultivating land, he has been trying to improve the quality of seeds and yields. Green Revolution refers to a significant improvement in agricultural production. Under premiership of Congress leader Indira Gandhi, the Green Revolution within India commenced in 1966, leading to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. And this made farming in large scale difficult and unaffordable to some community. During this time period, new chemical fertilizers and synthetic herbicides and pesticides were created. This increase in crop productivity helps to tackle and handle the ever-rising human population worldwide. It is also defined as the period when the productivity of agriculture worldwide multiplied substantially due to new advances in science and technology. Thus, Green Revolution is the term used to describe a new strategy of agricultural development introduced in the late 1960s, in India. There has been a general belief that the use of this modern technology decreases absorption of labour in agriculture. what is the importance of green revolution for the indian economy? These new advances in farming and agricultural technology have been used by farmers everywhere around the world, this change in agriculture is called the Green Revolution. Over the years, a lot of revolutions had occurred and they have all affected human lives, this includes the Industrial Revolution and the American Revolution. Green revolution has two aspects: (a) Rapid increase in agricultural production. The ‘Green Revolution’ was initiated by Norman Ernest Borlaug an American agronomist who is considered as the “Father of Green Revolution’. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The green revolution was very important in the growth of agriculture. This is verified from the fact gotten from 1961 to 2008; the population of humans increased by 100 percent and the production of food rose by 150 percent, but the amount of natural land and forests land changed to farm only rose by 10 percent. The practices of the Green Revolution did not benefit countries lacking in the infrastructure to employ the new farming practices and also reduced crop variety, leaving crops vulnerable to pests and diseases. What Is The Actual Importance Of Recycling ? Essay on the Green Revolution. Also, India which was on the brink of mass hunger in the sixties due to its fast-rising population worked with the Mexican and American institutes and Borlaug. During the…, …high-yield food seeds brought the Green Revolution in agriculture to India. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It shows that real ranches and real farms produce real food that sustains the ranchers and farmers as well as the public that is eating the food. So as to continue using this Revolution technology to provide more food for the ever-increasing human population worldwide, the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundation, and also lots of government agencies all over the world funded the increased research. A green revolution can save valuable resources for the world. With this revolutionary farming technique, agriculture can be done almost everywhere. Borlaug started experimenting with the varieties of wheat in the early forties. For example, before this innovative technology, agriculture is only practised in the areas where there is a considerable amount of rainfall, but now, with the use of irrigation, water can be saved and sent to drier regions, setting up more lands for agricultural production – thereby increasing the crop yields in the country.Though this innovative Revolution had several other advantages, there have been also a few problems related to this Revolution that affected both the society and the environment. Thus increasing the productivity of the land. I talk about Environmental problems, Nature and Life. One of the most feasible advantages of Green revolution is the development of industries. This increase was made possible through the use of soil-specific fertilizers, pesticide and herbicide application, and the genetic modification … The term Green Revolution refers to the renovation of agricultural practices beginning in Mexico in the 1940s. During this period, new artificial herbicides, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides were produced. But in the mid 20th century, a revolution took place and dramatically affected the agricultural sector. Also, the approach of the government towards the issues of rehabilitation and treatment of sufferers of accidents when using farm machines is that of total negligence. Despite these issues which are worth noting, the Green Revolution has forever modified the way agriculture is practised globally, helping the people of different countries in need of the increase in food production. The newly developed artificial pesticides and herbicides controlled weeds, kill or deterred insects, and avoid diseases, which later led to better productiveness. As a result of its success in Mexico, Green Revolution technologies spread globally. The political consequences of the Green Revolution were seen, particularly by the United States, to be very important as a solution to food shortages and famine in Asia in particular, and therefore a bulwark to the spread of socialism in that continent at the height of the Cold War. which together led to the betterment of the people and market related to agriculture. With this programme it becomes possible to lead intensive agriculture. Chemical fertilizer is one of the most important ingredients of green revolution. Borlaug has been hailed as father of Green Revolution, but MS Swaminathan is known as 'Father of Green Revolution in India'.. Green revolution, great increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding varieties, beginning in the mid-20th century. Its early dramatic successes were in Mexico and the Indian subcontinent. Corrections? This helps to reduce the cost of production and results in cheaper prices of food in the market. A process referred to as multiple cropping was also initiated during the period of the Green Revolution and this leads to more productivity. IR8 variety enabled India to prevent famine in the country and made it one of the largest exporters of rice in the world in the late seventies. It may be helping to reduce the number of greenhouse gas emissions.The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States performed a research study in 2013 that looked at the influence of the Green Revolution on greenhouse gas emissions. Apart from this, there is a problem of cross-pollination between traditional plants and genetically changed organisms that might cause invasive species. The new strategy envisaged raising farm output through the use of High-Yielding Varieties (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, modern implements and machinery, multiple cropping, irrigation facilities and agricultural … The Green Revolution refers to the dramatic increase in crop production that is achievable within the developing world. Technology has, without any doubt a major role in green revolution and has made hundreds of thousands lives easier to live. Presently, things are a lot easier, whereby, a lot of the crops are grown on a massive scale and even done by smaller farming communities. Previously in the agricultural sector, crops grown massively require a lot of human inventions in order to grow healthy. The world needs green Revolution 2, which promises to feed a growing world population sustainably –without compromising the needs of future generations 13. This has deteriorated the standard of living. By making full use of the food portion or seed of the plant, its photosynthesis will be used more efficiently due to the fact that the production of energy during this method went directly to the seed or food portion of the plant. Due to the Green Revolution technology and the beginning of the use of synthetic pesticides and herbicides, chemical fertilizers, high-yield crops, and the multiple cropping processes, the agricultural sector was able to provide food in larger qualities globally. Many major agricultural changes had happened over the years in order to provide enough food to the ever-rising human population. The green revolution has two types of effects on Indian economy, namely, (a) economic effects and (b) sociological effects. The green revolution in Pakistan was introduced in 1960s and the introduction of high yield varieties in Pakistan’s agriculture along with the better chemical fertilizers and tube well irrigation has impacted the agriculturel production in Pakistan to the great extent (ref). Hence more fertilizer has to be produced in order to meet its growing demand. Green revolution refers to improved agricultural production and productivity through application of improved agri-inputs and appropriate technologies. Major milestones in this undertaking were the development of high-yielding varieties of wheat, and rust resistant strains of wheat. Though there might be some crops in the soil which needs to be followed, the use of this Revolution would surely make it cost-efficient. This modified strain of rice was later introduced in the Philippines and a lot of different Asian countries, providing them with the supply of stable food and becomes a source of income for the countries. Furthermore, there was an introduction and development of high-yield crops. They have a way of doubling such crop’s production since the crops were limited due to the amount of light they got. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... origins of agriculture: The Green Revolution. In this article, I will be discussing the real importance of the Green Revolution, its uses, and the problems that came with it. 1. Also, here are a few hand-picked articles for you to read next: Being a nature lover, I feel it is my responsibility to show the real environmental problems that we are facing in this world to the public. Generally, the unexpected rise in the demand for labour in these regions encouraged labour-saving practices and mechanization. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. What is the importance of Green Revolution for the Indian economy? The inventions of the Green Revolution turned the United States from an importer of wheat to an exporter of it. Hence more fertilizer has to be produced in order to meet its growing demand. The Green Revolution was a period when the productivity of global agriculture increased drastically as a result of new advances. (v) Dry farm technique: The new technology has to be extended to dry farming areas. But How. This modern technology does not bother about the kind of soil for farming, it only thinks about the area and does whatever needed for crop cultivation, Therefore, it does not replenish or retain the soil fertility. It is written plainly in a genre that is easily understandable. With this funding, an international institution was formed by Mexico in 1963 and was referred to as The International Wheat and Maize Development Center. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. During this time period, new chemical fertilizers and synthetic herbicides and pesticides were created. Although potatoes might not be able to grow on beaches you can make use of most types of lands or terrains to grow crops. The change in agricultural practices in the late forties in Mexico was credited to the Green Revolution. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. What Are The Effects Of Volcanoes On The Environment? iyaziyazshaikh iyaziyazshaikh 03.12.2017 Environmental Sciences Secondary School Importance of green revolution 2 Also, the traditional fertilizers are changed to chemical fertilizers. Causes or Importance of Green Revolution (GR): (1) Population Growth: During fifties and early sixties due to population growth the real per capita income and per capita food availability has reduced. RiddleLife.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Because of its success in producing more agricultural products there, Green Revolution technologies spread worldwide in the 1950s and 1960s, significantly increasing the number of calories produced per acre of agriculture. The output growth was also not quick to generate enough employment opportunities. Green revolution has benefited the industrial development. During the Green Revolution, the crops developed were high-yield varieties; that is, they are domesticated plants which are specially bred to respond to fertilizers and eventually produce a multiplied quantity of grain per acre planted. A detailed retrospective of the Green Revolution, its achievement and limits in terms of agricultural productivity improvement, and its broader impact at social, environmental, and economic levels is provided. Now you must have learnt the real importance of the green revolution and along with many other details. The health risks in this modern technology cannot be overlooked. Required fields are marked *. Large public investment in crop genetic im-provement built on the scientific advances already made in the developed world for the major staple crops—wheat, rice, and maize—and adapted those advances to the A lot of industries producing chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agriculture machinery, insecticides, and so on, have arisen to meet the rising demand for these products. Any forest and natural land not used for farmland currently is safe and can be used by plants and animals for their natural habitat. Well here is your chance. Green Revolution is the breakthrough of renovation of agricultural practices by an American scientist, Norman Borlaug, who conducted a research on high-yielded wheat. Their work resulted in the development of a variety of rice, IR8. Dear student, The answer is: The Green Revolution was started in India in the 1960’s to increase the low levels of food production throughout the nation. Share 1. Increase in the use of machines that come with the innovation of farm technology in Green Revolution regions come with the risk of injury due to accidents. The introduction into developing countries of new strains of wheat and rice was a major aspect of what became known as the Green Revolution. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Green Revolution started in 1965 with the first introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in Indian agriculture. Recycling, conserving, and using resources wisely are features of a green revolution. Green revolution, great increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding varieties, beginning in the mid-20th century. Norman Borlaug, an American scientist, is credited with the birth of this revolution as he produced crop varieties that are disease-resistant and largely increased the yield of the wheat in Mexico. This larger weight above the ground eventually results in an increased photosynthate allocation. All over the world, countries benefitted from Green Revolution Technologies done by Norman Borlaug and this Institution. The development of ground water, so vital for Green Revolution, requires uninterruped supply of electricity at cheaper rates. As opposed to farm seeds, farmers now make use of HYV seeds (High Yield Variety). The chemical fertilizers created help to give crops more nutrients and, increase the yield of the crops. The initiatives resulted in the adoption of new technologies, including High-Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of cereals, especially dwarf wheat and rice. Mono-culturing is considered one of the biggest problems of the Green Revolution. Irrigation played a large and vital role in this innovative technology and this forever modified the places where various plants can be grown. 15 Main Effects of Insects on The Environment, 9 Dangerous Effects of Water Pollution on Aquatic Life, 18 Main Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy, 101 Unbelievable Facts about Solar Energy. The chemical fertilizers made it possible to supply crops with extra nutrients and, therefore, increase yield. One of the most important effects of the Green Revolution is that the traditional agricultural practices and inputs have given way to fresh and scientific practices. Yes, Solar Panels Produce Pollution, Here’s How? For example, in the forties, America was importing half of its wheat, but after making use of the Green Revolution technology, they became self-sufficient in the fifties. This is a very important book that must be read. The Green revolution is the agricultural practices that started in Mexico in 1940. The use of High Yield Variety seeds led to a substantial increase in the agricultural produce which helped our country in … Yes, Solar Panels Work In The Rain! Chemical fertilizer is one of the most important ingredients of green revolution. Your email address will not be published. Given adequate water and ample amounts of the required chemical fertilizers and pesticides, these varieties have resulted in significantly…, …the success of the so-called Green Revolution that India was able to build up buffer stocks of grain sufficient for the country to weather several years of disastrously bad monsoons with virtually no imports or starvation and even to become, in some years, a modest net food exporter. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/green-revolution, Green Revolution - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Green Revolution - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The terms frequently used with these plants so as to make them successful are insensitivity to day period, photosynthate allocation, and harvest index. The term revolution is to indicate the shift or tansformation of traditional farming for household consumption into production for market. Therefore, these larger seeds produce more grain yield and their weight becomes heavier above the ground. (b) Maintenance of high level of agricultural production. As opposed to farm seeds, farmers now make use of HYV seeds (High Yield Variety). Omissions? First Green Revolution (1960s-70s) had transformed India from a food deficit to a food surplus country. The Green Revolution, or the Third Agricultural Revolution, is the set of research technology transfer initiatives occurring between 1950 and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production worldwide, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s. After breeding these plants selectively, they all evolve and have the attributes of larger seeds. The new varieties require large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce their high yields, raising concerns about cost and potentially harmful environmental effects. Based on this article you just finished reading, do you agree that this Green Revolution technology is beneficial to this our present-day world or not? Share with your friends. The causes responsible for the green revolution/new agriculture strategy are undernoted: 1. This revolution was referred to as the Green Revolution. America quickly implemented these strategies started by Borlaug. (v) Dry farm technique: The new technology has to be extended to dry farming areas. Multiple cropping can be referred to as when land is used to plant two or more crops all through the year; this is done so that the land is not left idle and has something growing on it continuously. Poor farmers, unable to afford the fertilizers and pesticides, have often reaped even lower yields with these grains than with the older strains, which were better adapted to local conditions and had some resistance to pests and diseases. As a result, the lands use for High Yield Variety seeds has increased rapidly; in 1966-67, when Green Revolution got to India, about 1.66 million hectares were used but in 1998-99, about 78.4 million hectares were used. High-yield crops are types of crops that are particularly designed to bring out more overall yield. (vi) Change in Attitudes: A healthy contribution of green revolution is the change in the attitudes of farmers. Realising the importance of electricity for the proper growth and development of agriculture, a massive programme of rural electrification was taken up immediately after Independence. I distinguish the first GR period as 1966–1985 and the post-GR period as the next two decades. Moreover, as production of rice and, especially, wheat increased, there was a corresponding decrease in…. In second Green Revolution emphasis should be laid on 1. High Yielding Varieties of Seeds (HYV): One of the basic pre- requisite of technical changes is the high yielding variety of seeds (HYV). The harvest index is known as the weight of the plant above the ground. In 1965-66, production of food grains in Punjab was 33.89 lakh tonnes and in 2002-03, production of food grains increased to 235 lakh tonnes. The Green Revolution. Also, the traditional fertilizers are changed to chemical fertilizers. The improved strains of wheat together with the new mechanized agriculture practiced in Mexico enable them to meet the increased food demands. India Rice 8, known as IR8, changed so many lives in India by preventing famine that some parents named their sons after the rice strain. One of the most important effects of the Green Revolution is that the traditional agricultural practices and inputs have given way to fresh and scientific practices. This book points out what a disaster to the food system, Industrial Agriculture has become. Ever heard of 'Green Revolution'? Different countries mainly America and Mexico established new universities and labs to further develop new varieties of crops. The meaning of Green Revolution may be taken as, the adoption and diffusion of new seeds of wheat and rice has been considered as a significant achievement as it offered great optimism. What are the economic and social values associated with Green Revolution? The chemical fertilizers made it possible to supply crops with extra nutrients and, therefore, increase yield. With the Green Revolution, farmers can actually re-plant their crops without fallowing the lands, which help them save a lot of money since the following is very costly. When the food production hardly increased while population increased. The Real Importance Of Green Revolution | Definition, Benefits, Issues, on The Real Importance Of Green Revolution | Definition, Benefits, Issues, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). Gangetic plains reaped rich dividends of this movement, and it transformed itself into a large producer of wheat, rice, sugarcane etc. This shows that farmers do not need the most fertile lands to plant their crops since this innovative revolution has made the planting of crops possible on almost every land. Your email address will not be published. Ever wanted to know more about it? Britannica now has a site just for parents! The positive impacts were:. In the absence of the improvements made in crop growth during this time, the level of emissions could have been up to 7.4 Gt higher than what they were observed through 2004. This rice variety produces more yield per acre and takes fewer fertilizers. It is necessary that businessmen and users should refrain from harmful products. Many industries producing agriculture, machinery, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides etc., have come up to meet the growing demand for these commodities. A little amount of money is given to victims. Around the same time Mexico was facing severe food shortages because of the increasing population. Before we go into the Disadvantages of the Green Revolution, the Author Walt Davis (Also a Former in Texas) explains the Green revolution delusion in his book in his book at Amazon. This Revolution has introduced farming to large-scale operation. Share with your friends. What is the Green Revolution? Green Revolution (GR). This innovative technology also made it possible to grow more crops on the same land space with the same amount of effort. It efficiently multiplied crop yields in the country and was finally used globally in the fifties and sixties. With this innovation, Mexico reduced its importation of wheat, and they later become the foremost exporter of wheat globally. Its early dramatic successes were in Mexico and the Indian subcontinent. The importance of Green revolution in the Indian economy can be known by its positive and negative impacts. Due to its achievement in generating more agricultural products there, its technology spread globally in the fifties and sixties, thereby increasing the number of calories produced per acre of land significantly. Finally, any of the bred plants selected that is not sensitive to day length were been collected by researchers like Borlaug. Importance Of Technology: With the advancement in technology, everything has seemingly become much easier and efficient. It brought about significant increase in food production in India. See also Norman Borlaug. They became a major exporter of wheat in the sixties. This practice needs a lot of lands, which are not always available, large volumes of water and large quantities of fertilizers, thereby resulting in difficulties for farmers. It is called a revolution because it was a very widespread phenomenon after its success at its place of origin. The Green revolution is a series of events right from starting of using of high yielding variety of seeds, pesticides, improved agricultural equipment’s, etc. The results were mixed, as many poor or small farmers were unable to afford the seeds or the risks involved in the new technology. Learn how your comment data is processed. The uneven growth in the region was the cause of low labour absorption in agriculture. 1. Need for second green revolution India has tremendous export potential in agriculture in present era of globalization . 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