assets are associated with different livelihood strategies; and (3) determined how livelihood strategies differed in food security outcomes. The study was premised on three key issues: squatter household profile and services, livelihood constraints and strategies and the role of government in improving people’s lives. Based on the type of jobs, Addisu (2017) classifies livelihood strategies into six such as farming, breeding, fishery, trading, employment, and sman .According to Wondimagegnhua et al (2016), livelihood diversification strategies were on farm (crop and livestock production) and nonfarm. Livelihood outcomes Livelihood outcomes are the achievements of livelihood strategies. Income, expenditure, employment and land-use pattern are the four important parameters to represent livelihood … Source: Adapted from Maxwell (1999a). Five types of assets, or capital as they are described in the literature, have been identified that we all, not just poor people, need in order to make a living. Household livelihood strategies affect grassland ecosystem services and the herder’s well-being. entering more household members A person's livelihood (derived from life-lode, "way of life"; cf. Five types of By now, participatorymethods have developed to a state-of-the-art research tool for the assessment of livelihood strategies within rural forest Also we would like to extend our combination of livelihood strategies earn more income heartfelt appreciation to rural households of Kecha Bira and improve food security status.This shows livelihood district and woreda agricultural office key informants for diversification strategies have a very critical role in their cooperation during data collection. Under the livelihood strategies, the rural HHs . Amount of main food types consumed by households in the previous year (N=72) The situation of ‘livelihood’ became central concepts in assessing household poverty. These are the following: Human capital: skills, knowledge, the ability to work and good health. Achieving sustainable livelihood is the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation efforts in mountainous areas, and selecting an optimal livelihood strategy for different poverty-type farmers greatly improves farmers’ livelihood capital, resists livelihood risks, and promotes sustainable development. 6 Livelihood Systems and Strategies of Singkarak Lake’s Small-scale Fishers 82 6.1 Variables and data analysis 82 6.2 Fishing households typology in Singkarak Lake 83 6.3 Livelihood system for different types of households 87 6.4 Summary 91 7 Technical efficiency of fishing strategies of Singkarak Lake’s Small-scale Fishers 93 patterns, of livelihood strategies is an essential foundation for successful development and im-plementation of community-based strategies for environmental planning and management. different types of livelihood strategies and their possible livelihood consequences based on our data. ensuring rural household food security. Good health is not simply a means to earning a livelihood; it is of course an end in itself. (1998). Diversifying livelihood strategies at current time become a standard phenomenon within the study area. Livelihood strategies in subsequent years are comparable to those for 1998. This analysis focuses on the combination of activities undertaken. Such activities could include securing water, food, fodder, medicine, shelter, clothing. The Journal of Development Studies: Vol. They are plum and p each. The results of the analysis show that commercialized rural livelihood strategies attain higher levels of well-being than the less commercialized rural livelihood strategies. Livelihood promotion (improving resilience of household livelihoods, diversification of livelihood strategies, improving access to markets). the livelihood strategies and the coping mechanisms used by rural households in Abela Lida PA, Shebedino district, Southern Ethiopia. The study area typically exhibits the overall development challenges … )? people’s livelihood strategies in Tringgus, points on intensification of their agriculture and diversification of pursuits of better livelihoods through population movement. One of the main problems the helps to pinpoint particular constraints and opportunities faced by those girls, and ultimately, the type of livelihood interventions that may be most appropriate for them . Livelihood Strategies of Small-Scale Farmers in Pakistan in the ... livelihood assets are divided into five types as human, financial, natural, physical and social. It is noted that the study would be insightful through its descriptive and evaluative livelihood strategy in order to define group characteristics and to discover the differences in levels of well-being per strategy. generating strategies and “a variety of coping strategies”, while Rakodi (1995) distinguished three types of strategies in her review of conceptual issues in the study of urban poverty: strategies to increase resources, i.e. The general objectives of this study are, therefore, to characterize the existing livelihood strategies adopted by pastoral households and its determinants in the Sawena district, Oromia National Regional State, Southeast Ethiopia. The following types of issues are important when thinking about livelihood strategies. Understanding different household livelihood strategies and influencing factors is crucial for sustainable development in pastoral areas. predominant livelihood diversification strategies in study area. Thus, rural households engage in to different livelihood diversification activities to ensure their food needs and secure their future livelihoods. The study employed qualitative methods of research entailing focus group discussions, observation, key informant interviews and literature review as methods of data collection. In addition to the correlation exercise, this study uses a regression analysis to address the objective of tracing out the impact of salinity on livelihood strategies of farmers. always attempts to diversify their so urces of income (Ellis, 1998; Barrett et al., ... only two types of fruit are grown. Sustainability 2017, 9, 175 3 of 12 Keywords: Livelihood strategies, resource use and dependency, population movement, land use and agricultural production. Keywords: livelihood strategies;Indonesia;tourismdevelopment Jennifer Walker is with the Delphi Group, 428 Gilmour Street, Ottawa, Ontario K2P 0R8, Canada. *Corresponding author: haidermz@yahoo.com Abstract This study tries to trace out the impact of salinity on livelihood strategies of farmers and responses of farmers to solve However, there 1-38. Finally, we provide tailored policy and management options with the goal of promoting more sustainable livelihood options based on the above findings. What does the livelihood ‘portfolio’ of different social groups look like (percentage of income from different sources, amount of time and resources devoted to each activity by different household members, etc. 35, No. Rural household livelihood strategies in drought-prone areas: A case of Gulomekeda District, eastern zone of Tigray National Regional State, Ethiopia ... moment and the type of livelihood strategy to pursue. They have a strong influenceon interpersonal relations. It builds upon a review of livelihoods by Mallet and Slater (2012) undertaken as part of the Secure Livelihoods More specifically, the tool offers a menu of livelihood strategies that may contribute to overcoming the identified socioeconomic constraints or Agriculture in developing countries is unable to meet food needs of rural people. livelihood strategies of conflict-affected populations that have become more visible in recent years; and reviews advances in the nature, type and scope of interventions initiated by humanitarian agencies and organisations. 1, pp. Determinants of livelihood diversification strategies: The case of smallholder rural farm households in Debre Elias Woreda, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia Yenesew Sewnet Yizengaw1*, Eric Ndemo Okoyo2 and Fekadu Beyene2 1Department of Rural Development and … The framework defines and categorises the different types of assets and entitlements which households have access to. hoods by drawing on capabilities and assets to develop livelihood strategies composed of a range of activities. Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification. Please note, due to essential maintenance online purchasing will be unavailable between … Adaptive Livelihood Strategies in Conservation-Induced Displacement: The Case of the Baka of East Cameroon - Volume 58 Issue 2 - Harrison Esam Awuh. This article studied the livelihood strategies and diversification among the poor in South Africa using two data sets, namely the Statistics South Africa General Household Survey 2016 (GHS) and the Programme to Support Pro-poor Policy Development (PSPPD II)-University of Fort Hare (UFH) Economics survey. of on farm livelihood activities. aspects of livelihood situationsconnected to poverty (Chambers and Conway 1991, Chambers 1994, Evans and Guariguata 2008, Clark and Carney 2008). One of the main objectives of livelihood support in emergencies is, therefore, to protect the assets that are essential to people's livelihoods, and to support people's own priorities and strategies. Impact of salinity on livelihood strategies of farmers M. Z. Haider1*, M. Z. Hossain1 1Khulna University, Khulna – 9208, Bangladesh . They enable people to transform one type of asset into an-other through markets. We conducted a survey in southwestern Ethiopia and used principal component and cluster analyses. OG lib-leit) refers to their "means of securing the basic necessities (food, water, shelter and clothing) of life".Livelihood is defined as a set of activities essential to everyday life that are conducted over one's life span. The share of farmers mainly engaged in other activities than annual cropping increased seemingly at the cost of annual crop production, and the cluster analysis splits this … livelihood resources: combining different types of ‘capital’ The ability to pursue different livelihood strategies is dependent on the basic material and social, tangible and intangible assets that people have in their possession. 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