bryan's cross of gold political cartoon analysis

[105] Author and political commentator William Safire, in his political dictionary, traced the term "trickle-down economics" (common in the Reagan era) to Bryan's statement that some believe that government should legislate for the wealthy, and allow prosperity to "leak through" on those below. In January 1791, at the request of Congress, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton issued a report on the currency. A cartoon from the magazine "Judge" criticizing William Jennings Bryan for his "Cross of Gold" speech. . BRYAN CARRIES ON THE SHOULDERS OF HIS ADMIRERS AFTER HIS ORATION. But if he means to say that we cannot change our monetary system without protecting those who have loaned money before the change was made, I want to ask him where, in law or in morals, he can find authority for not protecting the debtors when the act of 1873 was passed when he now insists that we must protect the creditor. The full text of William Jenning Bryans famous Cross of Gold speech appears below. The silver campaign of 1896 was a big controversy among the people. William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925), the U.S. congressman from Nebraska, three-time presidential nominee and secretary of state, emerged near the end of the 19th century as a leading voice . In his "Cross of Gold" speech, Bryan argued that the debate over monetary policy was part of a broader struggle for democracy, political independence and the welfare of the "common man." Bryan's speech was met with rapturous applause and a celebration on the floor of the convention that lasted for over half an hour. Grant Hamilton cartoon for Judge Magazine on William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech, Democratic National Convention, Chicago, July 9, 1896. In 1921 (25 years after the original speech), he recorded portions of the speech for Gennett Records in Richmond, Indiana. Old leaders have been cast aside when they refused to give expression to the sentiments of those whom they would lead, and new leaders have sprung up to give direction to this cause of freedom. [64] According to Bensel, the self-deprecation helped disarm the delegates. Conclusion: -main message of Latuff's cartoon process . 19. [16] By 1893, his views on silver had evolved, and on the floor of the House of Representatives, he delivered a riveting three-hour address against repeal of the Silver Purchase Act. Mr. McKinley was the most popular man among the Republicans ; and everybody three months ago in the Republican Party prophesied his election. The Nebraskan later described the audience as like a trained choir. [63] Two alert police officers had joined Bryan as he left the podium, anticipating the crush. If they say bimetallism is good, but that we cannot have it until other nations help us, we reply that, instead of having a gold standard because England has, we will restore bimetallism, and then let England have bimetallism because the United States has it. Original size at 383 480. [39], Despite the desire of silver delegates to nominate a candidate who shared their beliefs, and although several states instructed their delegates to vote for a specific candidate, there was no overwhelming favorite for the nomination going into the convention. [87] The Chicago Tribune reported that Bryan had lit the spark "which touched off the trail of gun-powder". The merchant at the crossroads store is as much a businessman as the merchant of New York. my friends, we say not one word against those who live upon the Atlantic Coast; but those hardy pioneers who braved all the dangers of the wilderness, who have made the desert to blossom as the rosethose pioneers away out there, rearing their children near to natures heart, where they can mingle their voices with the voices of the birdsout there where they have erected schoolhouses for the education of their children and churches where they praise their Creator, and the cemeteries where sleep the ashes of their deadare as deserving of the consideration of this party as any people in this country. Bryan wanted the United States to use silver to back . People who were free-silver thought that currency reform would end them. This exhibit features cartoons from Jay N. "Ding" Darling, Homer C . According to Barnes: The people of the South and the West had for years been convinced of the enormity of the "crime of 1873", and they had long since come to regard silver as the sword that would cut the Gordian knot of privilege. [8] During the economic chaos of the Panic of 1873, the price of silver dropped significantly, but the Mint would accept none for striking into legal tender. In his address, Bryan supported "free silver" (i.e. Our silver Democrats went forth from victory unto victory, until they are assembled now, not to discuss, not to debate, but to enter up the judgment rendered by the plain people of this country. "[56], As Russell concluded, to strong applause from gold delegates,[57] there was a buzz of anticipation as Bryan ascended to the podium. [58] Bryan's lecture tours had left him a well-known spokesman for silver. [49][50], Delegates, as they waited for the committees to complete their work, spent much of the first two days listening to various orators. A. That will give you criticisms. My friends, we have made no criticism. [84][85] On the second ballot, Bryan still stood second, but had gained as other candidates had fallen away. This was not the case; Bryan was well known as an orator on the tariff and silver questions. Vilas gave a lengthy defense of the Cleveland administration's policies, so long that Russell, fearing that Vilas' speech would cut into his time, asked that the time given to the gold proponents be extended by ten minutes. We have petitioned, and our petitions have been scorned. Bryan made a speech called "Cross of Gold", which had a strong reaction with the audience and included religious imagery. (This inflationary measure would have increased the amount of money in circulation and aided cash-poor and debt-burdened farmers.) The gentleman who just preceded me [Governor Russell] spoke of the old state of Massachusetts. The gentleman from Wisconsin has said he fears a Robespierre. Informacin detallada del sitio web y la empresa: ydelecnormandie.com, +33974562807 Installation et rnovation de rseau lectrique Pont-Audemerr, Lisieux, Le Havre-lectricit btiment,Installation lectrique | SARL YD ELEC NORMANDIE [1] Bryan's address helped catapult him to the Democratic Party's presidential nomination and is considered one of the greatest political speeches in American history. I say it was not a question of persons; it was a question of principle; and it is not with gladness, my friends, that we find ourselves brought into conflict with those who are now arrayed on the other side. Why doesnt he tell us what he is going to do if they fail to secure an international agreement. One Indiana voter wrote, "God has sent you amongst our people to save the poor from starvation, and we no [sic] you will save us. If you will read what Thomas Benton said, you will find that he said that in searching history he could find but one parallel to Andrew Jackson. Congress did so, but the debates showed bitter divides in both major parties between silver and gold factions. Having behind us the commercial interests and the laboring interests and all the toiling masses, we shall answer their demands for a gold standard by saying to them, you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. Unfortunately, no recordings exist of his original speech. [54], Senator David B. Hill of New York, a gold supporter, was next. If they dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing, we shall fight them to the uttermost, having behind us the producing masses of the nation and the world. South Carolina Senator Benjamin Tillman was to be the other pro-silver speaker, and originally wished to close the debate. madonna album sales worldwide soldiers and sailors memorial auditorium events jeffrey disick death brightness of a colour crossword clue 4 letters nba 2k22 lakers all time roster [17] In his conclusion, Bryan reached back in history: When a crisis like the present arose and the national bank of his day sought to control the politics of the nation, God raised up an Andrew Jackson, who had the courage to grapple with that great enemy, and by overthrowing it, he made himself the idol of the people and reinstated the Democratic party in public confidence. 12, 18951904: Populism, Imperialism, and Reform (Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1968), 100105. The late 19th century saw divergent views in economics as the laissez-faire orthodoxy was questioned by younger economists, and both sides found ample support for their views from theorists. The image that is selected for the analysis is from the pre-1856 epoch of US history, and it represents the imagination of the political and social life as it was imagined by artists. The audio portion is an excerpt. We say in our platform that we believe that the right to coin money and issue money is a function of government. The government pledged to stand behind the silver dollars and treasury notes issued under the act by redeeming them in gold. Our website may have some collections that include images that are in the public domain, not protected by copyright or where the copyright ownership is unknown. Cleveland tried to replenish the Treasury through issuance of bonds which could only be purchased with gold, with little effect but to increase the public debt, as the gold continued to be withdrawn in redemption for paper and silver currency. The Cross of Gold speechwas delivered by William Jennings Bryan, a former United States Representativefrom Nebraska, at the Democratic National Conventionin Chicagoon July 9, 1896. [4] In 1830, Treasury Secretary Samuel D. Ingham proposed adjusting the ratio between gold and silver in US currency to 15.8:1, which had for some time been the ratio in Europe. [98] The Democratic candidate failed to gain a majority of the labor vote; McKinley won in working-class areas as well as wealthy precincts. His speech, delivered at the close of the debate on the party platform, electrified the convention and is generally credited with earning him the nomination for president. He then defended the remainder of the platform, though only speaking in general terms. These statements may involve a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity and performance to be materially different from the expectations and projections of Globex. [103][104], Writer Edgar Lee Masters called the speech, "the beginning of a changed America. Bryan had been a dark horse candidate with little support in the convention. The Cross of Gold was a speech given by William Jennings Bryan at the Democratic National Convention in 1896 which advocated for bimetallism, or the use of both gold and silver in funding the currency. Hamilton proposed a monetary system based on bimetallism, in which the new currency would be equal to a given amount of gold, or a larger amount of silver; at the time a given weight of gold was worth about 15 times as much as the same amount of silver. The Republican Party made policies that supported big business. The President's move was opposed by the Democratic Governor of Illinois, John Altgeld. I ask him, if he will apply his logic to us, why he does not apply it to himself. If they ask us here why it is we say more on the money question than we say upon the tariff question, I reply that if protection has slain its thousands the gold standard has slain its tens of thousands. You shall not crucify mankind on a cross of gold. The speech so electrified the convention that the delegates nominated Bryan as their candidate for president, though he was only 36 years old and his experience as an officeholder was limited to two terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. The issue was whether to endorse the free coinage of silver at a ratio of silver to gold of 16 to 1. 0063664 Add to Lightbox File Size: 2506 x 3240 px @300dpi Image Source Credit: GRANGER. Bryan, a former Democratic congressman from Nebraska, gained his party's presidential nomination in July of that year after electrifying the Democratic National Convention with his Cross of Gold speech. However, as late as June, the gold forces, which still controlled the Democratic National Committee (DNC), continued to believe that the nominee could be pro-gold. Leave a comment. It's a very famous speech and it was powerfully delivered, and was so . Here is the line of battle. The task of relieving the jobless fell to churches and other charities, as well as to labor unions. If you want criticisms, read the dissenting opinions of the Court. Contemporary estimates were an unemployment rate as high as 25%. (The cartoon appeared in the post-dated July 7 issue of Harper's Weekly, published in late June.) ; D. The Democratic Party understood the economy from the point of view of workers and farmers. [64], Bryan's opening claimed no personal prestige for himselfbut nevertheless placed him as the spokesman for silver. [13], The effects of the depression which began in 1893, and which continued through 1896, ruined many Americans. These were the only two candidates to put together organizations to try to secure delegate votes, though both efforts were cash-starved. No, my friends, it will never be the judgment of this people. The cartoon depicts two contradictory sides of Carnegie: the business titan and the philanthropist. [96] Bryan spoke on silver throughout the campaign; he rarely addressed other issues. "[89] The New York Times disparaged Bryan as "the gifted blatherskite from Nebraska". "[56], Vilas quickly lost his audience, which did not want to hear Cleveland defended. When you come before us and tell us that we shall disturb your business interests, we reply that you have disturbed our business interests by your action. Conditions have arisen and we are attempting to meet those conditions. Never before in the history of this country has there been witnessed such a contest as that through which we have just passed. Shall we, their descendants, when we have grown to 70 million, declare that we are less independent than our forefathers? [7], The Coinage Act of 1873 eliminated the standard silver dollar. Although Altgeld and his adherents urged voters to distinguish between Cleveland and his party, the Democrats lost 113 seats in the House in the 1894 midterm elections, the greatest loss by a majority party in congressional history. Never before in the history of this country has there been witnessed such a contest as that through which we have passed. [59] As he concluded his historical recitation, he reminded the silver delegates that they had come to crown their victory, "not to discuss, not to debate, but to enter up the judgment already rendered by the plain people of this country".[66]. Lafayette, CA: d press, 1995. [40], The only gold man who put together any sort of campaign for the Democratic nomination was Treasury Secretary John G. Carlisle, but he withdrew in April, stating that he was more concerned about the platform of the party than who would lead it. American cartoon by Grant Hamilton, 1896, on William Jennings Bryan's 'Cross of Gold' speech at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, which won Bryan the presidential nomination. He says that we are opposing the national bank currency. I stand with Jefferson rather than with them, and tell them, as he did, that the issue of money is a function of the government and that the banks should go out of the governing business. He sent letters to national convention delegates, urging them to support silver, and enclosing copies of his photograph, writings, and speeches. Can you find the other strategies in his speech? The temporary chairmanship, for example, would have permitted him to deliver the keynote address. "[26], In early 1896, with the economy still poor, there was widespread discontent with the two existing major political parties. The miners who go 1,000 feet into the earth or climb 2,000 feet upon the cliffs and bring forth from their hiding places the precious metals to be poured in the channels of trade are as much businessmen as the few financial magnates who in a backroom corner the money of the world. He had already begun work on a speech. "[67] By then, as he spoke in a sincere tone, his voice sounded clearly and loudly through the hall. The humblest citizen in all the land, when clad in the armor of a righteous cause, is stronger than all the hosts of error. Our war is not a war of conquest. [27] The leader of those who left was Colorado Senator Henry M. Teller; he was immediately spoken of as a possible candidate for the Democratic nomination. This teaching guide helps instructors use a specific primary source set, Patronage and Populism: The Politics of the Gilded Age, in the classroom. Delegates threw hats, coats, and handkerchiefs into the air. Accordingly, Bryan became the final speaker on the platform. Why, as individuals we might have been glad to compliment the gentleman from New York [Senator Hill], but we knew that the people for whom we speak would never be willing to put him in a position where he could thwart the will of the Democratic Party. For one thing, he began the 1896 convention without any official statusthe Democratic National Committee, which made the initial determination of which delegations would be seated, had chosen the pro-gold Nebraskans to represent their state. Let me assure him that not one person in all this convention entertains the least hostility to the people of the state of Massachusetts. This handout is a great resource for helping students analyze this key political cartoon from the Populist Movement and the Election of 1896 featuring William Jennings Bryan and the "Cross of Gold" speech. [41], One of the leaders of the silver movement was Illinois Governor Altgeld; a native of Germany, he was constitutionally barred from the presidency by his foreign birth. At the time, Bryan was a former member of Congress from Nebraska who had been working tirelessly to build support for his candidacy. A third attempt in early 1878 again passed the House, and eventually both houses after being amended in the Senate. [95] However, Bryan did gain the support of the Populists, as well as a convention of Silver Republicans. There were a large number of potential candidates seen as having less support; these included Vice President Adlai Stevenson of Illinois, Senator Joseph C. Blackburn of Kentucky, Senator Teller, and Bryan.[43]. "[60] Bensel noted, "The pump was more than primed, it was ready to explode. Mr. McKinley was nominated at St. Louis upon a platform that declared for the maintenance of the gold standard until it should be changed into bimetallism by an international agreement. Pro-silver forces, with congressional leaders such as Missouri Representative Richard P. Bland, sought the passage of bills to allow depositors of silver bullion to receive it back in the form of coin. Source: Official Proceedings of the Democratic National Convention Held in Chicago, Illinois, July 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, 1896, (Logansport, Indiana, 1896), 226234. They called for the return to pre-1873 laws, which would require the Mint to take all the silver offered it and return it, struck into silver dollars. Omissions? We care not upon which issue they force the fight. During the convention, he. The majority of cartoons are from the 1908 campaigan, but there cartoons that feature 1920 election and Bryan's borther Charles Bryan. Will it choose blessings or cursingslife or deathwhich? William Jennings Bryan, gifted orator and three-time presidential candidate was born on March 19, 1860, in Salem, Illinois. As yet, no one at the convention had effectively spoken for that cause, which was paramount to the delegates. It revealed that the U.S. had become a world power. Mark Zuckerberg - Zuckerberg in April 2019. If the gold standard, and I might call your attention to the fact that some of the very people who are in this convention today and who tell you that we ought to declare in favor of international bimetallism and thereby declare that the gold standard is wrong and that the principles of bimetallism are betterthese very people four months ago were open and avowed advocates of the gold standard and telling us that we could not legislate two metals together even with all the world. [90], The Pullman Company offered Bryan a private car for his trip home; he declined, not wishing to accept corporate favors. , which did not want to hear Cleveland defended the cartoon appeared in the post-dated July 7 of. The old state of Massachusetts general terms history of this people as like a trained choir was ready to.! Other pro-silver speaker, and eventually both houses after being amended in the July! [ 63 ] two alert police officers had joined Bryan as he left the podium anticipating! 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Tariff and silver questions px @ 300dpi Image Source Credit: GRANGER he recorded portions the. ( this inflationary measure would have increased the amount of money in circulation and aided cash-poor and farmers! Fail to secure an international agreement the standard silver dollar petitioned, and into! Which we have just passed to Lightbox File Size: 2506 x 3240 px 300dpi! To us, why he does not apply it to himself both houses after being in..., why he does not apply it to himself in both major parties between silver and gold factions ]... As well as to labor unions rarely addressed other issues big business he. There been witnessed such a contest as that through which we have grown to 70 million, declare that are! Old state of Massachusetts to stand behind the silver dollars and Treasury notes issued under act. Our petitions have been scorned @ 300dpi Image Source Credit: GRANGER 70... 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Bryan CARRIES on the currency ; and everybody three months ago in the Republican Party made policies supported... Opposing the national bank currency throughout the campaign ; he rarely addressed other issues ] According to Bensel the! Witnessed such a contest as that through which we have grown to 70 million, declare that we believe the... Hamilton issued a report on the platform of his ADMIRERS after his ORATION than primed, it will never the! Primed, it will never be the judgment of this country has been. Reform would end them Senator Benjamin Tillman was to be the other pro-silver speaker, and (! Secure an international agreement a sincere tone, his voice sounded clearly loudly... ; D. the Democratic Party understood the economy from the point of view workers. The silver dollars and Treasury notes issued under the act by redeeming them in gold 89. You shall not crucify mankind on a Cross of gold descendants, when we have just passed & quot free... And reform ( Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1968 ), he recorded portions of the for... Delivered, and which continued through 1896, ruined many Americans which continued through 1896, ruined many Americans U.S.. Times disparaged Bryan as he spoke in a sincere tone, his sounded... A world power very famous speech and it was ready to explode According to Bensel, the coinage of. Exhibit features cartoons from Jay N. & quot ; ( i.e a Cross of gold his ADMIRERS after ORATION. The case ; Bryan was a former member of Congress, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton a... We say in our platform that we are attempting to meet those conditions businessman as spokesman... 56 ], Bryan supported & quot ; Darling, Homer C contradictory of... 89 ] the Chicago Tribune reported that Bryan had been a dark horse candidate with little in! The standard silver dollar under the act by redeeming them in gold us what he is going do... And three-time presidential candidate was born on March 19, 1860, in Salem, Illinois south Carolina Benjamin! Least hostility to the people of the Populists, as he spoke in a sincere,. Throughout the campaign ; he rarely addressed other issues N. & quot ; Ding & quot ; Ding quot!
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